Development trend of grain drying machinery in China

The development of grain dryers in China began with the imitation of dryers from Japan, the former Soviet Union and other foreign countries. Due to the complex structure of the food drying machinery at that time, the high consumption of steel, and the high cost of construction, it was not suitable for the economic and institutional conditions in rural areas and was used only by state-owned farms, grain stores, and collective enterprises.

As the world’s largest food producer and consumer, China has adopted a series of effective measures to ensure the sustainable development of grain production. From 2004 to 2011, grain production increased for eight consecutive years, and the national total grain output in 2011. A total of 114.24 billion kilograms (approximately 571 million tons) was achieved, creating a new historical record for the total domestic grain output. Faced with the year-round bumper harvest of grain, while cherishing the hard-won good situation in agricultural development, we are also pondering how to reduce the losses caused by the production process after food harvest due to weather changes and drying. According to statistics from relevant authorities, due to climate impacts, the grain is too late to dry or does not reach the level of safe moisture causing mildew, germination, etc., resulting in food losses of up to 5%. If we calculate the annual output of 500 million tons of grain, the equivalent of 25 million tons of grain will be destroyed. Therefore, in this sense, it is imperative to vigorously develop grain drying mechanization.

Foreign grain drying mechanization development trend

The research of foreign grain drying machinery started in the 1940s. In the 1950s and 1960s, the developed countries basically realized the mechanization of grain drying. The grain drying was automated in the 1960s and 1970s. The drying of grain from the 1970s to the 1980s was efficient and of high quality. Energy saving, cost reduction, and computer-controlled development have led to serialization and standardization of grain drying equipment after 90 years. In recent years, great progress has been made in computer simulation of grain drying processes. The continuous development of traditional software and special software has played an extremely important role in the design of grain drying machinery and the improvement of product quality.

Japan is one of the countries with the highest degree of mechanization of grain drying worldwide. The grain drying machinery industry has a long history of development and a strong R&D strength. Japan's grain drying mechanization began in the late 1950s. Through continuous scientific and technological advancement, especially with the support of government policies, its technological level has taken a leading position in the world, and the mechanization of grain drying has reached 92%.

At present, countries or regions where rice is widely grown, such as Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, actively promote the development of rice conditioning and drying equipment. In 2009, the amount of Japanese rice drying and tempering equipment was around 25,000 units. Producers of rice tempering and drying machinery, such as Yamamoto, Satake, Shizuoka and Kaneko in Japan, Korea International, Hanwon, Emerging, and Sanjiu in Taiwan, use this type as the basic model of dry rice.

At present, the domestic dry machinery holdings increase rapidly at an average annual growth rate of around 50%. However, mechanically dried grains account for only about 1% of the country's total grain output each year, while mechanical grain drying in developed countries can reach 95% of the total output. Around, it can be seen that the development of grain drying machinery in China is far from being able to adapt to the development needs of grain production.

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